Showing 12 results for Prevalence
Abolghasem Rahimdel, Mohammad Afkhami-Ardekani, Amin Souzani, Mojgan Modaresi, Mohammad Reza Mashahiri,
Volume 1, Issue 1 (9-2009)
Abstract
BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and risk factors of the sensory neuropathy in type 2 diabetic patients referring to Yazd Diabetes Research Center. Neuropathy is one of the most common complications of both type 1 and type 2 diabetes melli-tus.
MATERIAL AND METHODS: This is a cross-sectional study on 2350 diabetic patients (1071 male, 1279 female) referred to Yazd Diabetes Research Center (Iran) from June 2007 to February 2008. Data collection was carried out through a questionnaire including demographic subject, duration, body weight and length, lab test (HbA1c, 2hpp, FBS), Body Mass Index (BMI). Blood Pressure was measured on the right arm after a five-min rest. Neuropathy was confirmed using a Semmes Weinstein 10 g monofilament over 10 areas of the feet, ankle reflexes and vibration over the great toe and ankle.
RESULTS: The prevalence of type 2 diabetes and diabetic sensory neuropathy in Yazd province is 14.5% and 51.7%, respectively. The prevalence of sensory neuropathy in male was 49.9% and 53.2 % in female, that increased by age (P = 0.001), duration of diabetes (P = 0.001), HbA1c (P = 0.001) and poor glycemic control (high FBS and 2hpp).
CONCLUSION: Age, duration of diabetes, HbA1c and poor glycemic control were considered to be the risk factors for sensory neuropathy
Saeed Khwaja Mir Islam, Mohammad Hafiz Rasooly,
Volume 4, Issue 4 (10-2012)
Abstract
Objective: The prevalence of obesity is rising in both developed and developing countries. Globally, it is estimated that nearly one billion adults are overweight at least 300 million of them are clinically obese. In Afghanistan no published data is available regarding non-communicable diseases including obesity. This paper reports the prevalence and associated risk factors of obesity among adult population in Kabul.
Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in Kabul from December 2011-March 2012. A multistage sampling of districts and neighborhoods was used to enroll adults of ≥40 years. Data on socioeconomic status, lifestyle, behavioral factors, blood pressure, and blood sugar were collected and anthropometric measurements were carried out for 1200 inhabitants. Body mass index (BMI) was calculated using measured height and weight a waist circumference of ≥ 94cm for men and ≥ 80cm for women were considered as central obesity.
Results: The overall prevalence of obesity was 31.2% (BMI≥30kg/m2). Main risk and protective factors independently associated with obesity were age (adjusted OR=0.55, CI: 0.40-0.78), sex (AOR=1.73, CI: 1.19-2.51), having diabetes (AOR=1.86, CI: 1.16-2.99), blood pressure (AOR=1.46, CI: 1.03-2.08), central obesity (AOR=5.29, CI: 3.68-7.60), and frequency of walking per week (AOR=2.08, CI: 1.50-2.89).
Conclusions: About one-third of the adult population aged 40 and above in Kabul city had obesity. It was strongly associated with risk factors for non-communicable diseases. Modification of lifestyle and promotion of physical activity is recommended. Awareness campaigns on prevention of obesity should be considered.
Haydeh Hashemizadeh, Sara Dorari Sarvelayati,
Volume 5, Issue 1 (1-2013)
Abstract
Abstract
Objective: Diabetes and hypertension are among the commonest diseases in developed countries, and the frequency of both diseases rises with age. By progression of diabetes the incidence of hypertension become higher than the age-matched general population.
Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out on 300 type 2 diabetic patients who were admitted to medical ward of Moosabne Jafar hospital in Quchan for follow-up from April 2011 to August 2012. The structured questionnaire was used to gather information on sociodemographic variables, history of hypertension, use of anti-hypertensive medications and duration of diabetes. Anthropometric measurements including weight and height were measured by trained staff. Blood pressure was measured using standardized sphygmomanometers.
Results: Two hundred and ten out of 300 subjects had hypertension, thus giving a prevalence rate of 70%. One hundred males (47.6%) were hypertensive compared with 110 (52.4%) females, but this difference was not significant (χ2=0.1, df=1, P>0.05). The mean age of them was 62.9 years. One hundred and fifty subjects (50%) had reported at least one problem in past history like heart disease, CVA, DVT, CRF, retinopathy, diabetic foot and paresthesia. The most common problem in past history was heart disease (37%).
Conclusions: According to the results, 70% of the diabetic patients had hypertension. It is necessary to inform the patients to control their diabetes in order to prevent its complications.
Sedigheh Soheilykhah, Maryam Rashidi, Farzaneh Dehghan, Ahmad Shojaoddiny-Ardekani, Soodabeh Rahimi-Saghand,
Volume 5, Issue 3 (9-2013)
Abstract
Abstract
Objective: Diabetic peripheral neuropathy is the main risk factor of diabetic foot ulcer and its early diagnosis is important to prevent limb amputation. We assessed the prevalence of peripheral neuropathy in diabetic patients.
Materials and methods: This cross-sectional study was performed on 352 randomly selected diabetic patients using a standardized questionnaire including age, gender, duration of diabetes, BMI, smoking status, HbA1c, fasting blood glucose, serum creatinine, triglyceride, cholesterol and uric acid as well as past medical history. Peripheral neuropathy was evaluated using United Kingdom Neuropathy Score screening test and 10 gram Semmes Weinstein monofilament tests. Ankle-Brachial Index was also used for detecting peripheral arterial disease.
Results: Forty-eight percent of patients were male and 52% were female Mean age of the subjects was 57.0±10.3 with a median duration of diabetes of 12.6±7.5 years. The overall prevalence of neuropathy was 59.3% 40.3% of patients failed to sense the monofilament. There was a statistically significant correlation between the results of United Kingdom Neuropathy Score screening test and 10-point monofilament testing (r=0.43, P<0.001). The prevalence increased with age, from 5.6% in the participants aged less than 40 years to 51.8% in patients more than 60 years. Neuropathy was associated with duration of diabetes, and was present in 14.1% and 34% of patients with diabetes duration less than 5 years and greater than 15 years, respectively. The prevalence of neuropathy was not significantly different between men and women.
Conclusion: Our study showed significant correlation between neuropathy and history of cerebrovascular accident. Diabetic peripheral neuropathy is a common complication associated with diabetes. It increases with both age and duration of diabetes.
Saeed Khwaja Mir Islam,
Volume 6, Issue 1 (3-2014)
Abstract
Objective: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a global health problem with significant impact on health and quality of life. There is no national statistics about this disease in Afghanistan. The aim of this study is to evaluate the prevalence of DM and associated factors in adults lived in Jalalabad city, Afghanistan.
Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in Jalalabad city in May to June 2013. Multistage random sampling technique was used to choice 1200 adults aged 25-70 years. WHO STEPS approach was used to collect data on demographic and behavioral factors. Physical measurements including height, weight, blood pressure and biochemical blood analysis were done. Bivariate and multivariate analysis was performed using SPSS version.20.
Results: The prevalence of diabetes was 11.8%. There was significant difference of diabetes prevalence between female and male (13.4 % vs. 9.4 %). The mean age of diabetic patients was 38.8 ±11 years. The factors such as vegetables consumption (OR:0.48, 95%CI: 0.31 – 0.75), obesity (OR:1.83, 95%CI: 1.11 – 3.03), hypertension (OR:1.99, 95%CI:1.33 – 2.97), total cholesterol (OR:1.64, 95%CI:1.07 – 2.51), and total triglycerides(OR:1.91, 95%CI: 1.16 – 3.16) independently are associated with diseases.
Conclusions: The high prevalence of diabetes in working-age is cause of concern. Measures such as raising awareness and changing of lifestyle may help to reduce the burden of DM among Jalalabad adults.
Homeira Rashidi, Seyed Peyman Payami, Majid Karandish, Seyed Mahmoud Latifi, Armaghan Moravej Aleali,
Volume 7, Issue 1 (3-2015)
Abstract
Hamid Hoboubati, Akram Ghadiri-Anari, Hamed Hushang-Malamiri,
Volume 7, Issue 4 (12-2015)
Abstract
Abstract
Objective: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a systemic disease affecting different tissues. Hyperglycemia due to DM can lead to degenerative changes in spinal tissue. Also low data have examined the prevalence of diabetes mellitus in lumbar spinal canal stenosis individuals. Therefore the purpose of this study was determining the frequency of DM in lumbar spinal canal stenosis patients.
Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study on 119 lumbar spinal canal stenosis patients, since September 2014 till February 2015 from the department of neurosurgery in Rahnamoon hospital of Yazd, Iran was done. After gathering of demographic data, these subjects divided in two groups based on present or absent of DM. The latest criteria established by the American Diabetes Association (ADA) were used to diagnose DM patients.
Results: The frequency of DM among lumbar spinal canal stenosis patients was 22.7 %. The frequency of DM was higher in women than men that there was significant difference in the diabetic and non-diabetic patients (P=0.002). Also the mean age of diabetic patients was higher than non-diabetic patients (P=0.036). Diabetes was more prevalent in patients older than 50 years old.
Conclusion: According to our findings, the frequency of DM among lumbar spinal canal stenosis patients was high that may be a probably predisposing factor for the development of significant lumbar disc disease in this region. Also other factors may help to develop lumbar spinal stenosis.
Saeed Khwaja Mir Islam ,
Volume 8, Issue 2 (3-2016)
Abstract
Objective: Burden of diabetes is increasing worldwide. National statistics on prevalence of diabetes in Afghanistan are insufficient. Thus, this study identified the prevalence of diabetes and key risk factors in Kabul, Afghanistan.
Materials and Methods: Totally 1172 records were cleaned for analysis of whom 599 (51.1%) were females and 573 (48.9%) were males with a mean age of 38.6±12.2 years. The research team used WHO STEP wise approach along with cluster sampling method in Kabul, capital of Afghanistan. Data were collected on demographic, dietary habits, risk factors of noncommunicable diseases and physical characteristics using a structured questionnaire. Blood samples were collected and tested for fasting blood sugar. The prevalence of diabetes with differentiation of main factors identified. Statistical analysis conducted to examine the associations between different risk factors and diabetes.
Results: The cleaned database containing complete data for analysis enclosed 1172 records. The overall prevalence of diabetes was 9.1% with differentiation of 8.9% in males and 9.3% in females. Furthermore 7.7% were undiagnosed with 1.4% were under treatment. Literacy rate was 50.4%, marriage was 77.5% and 60% of women were housewives. Prevalence of smoking and mouth snuff use were 8.1% and 9.8% respectively. Age, moderate physical activity, blood pressure and central obesity were associated with diabetes.
Conclusion: This study found that one tenth of adults in Kabul are suffering from diabetes in the surveyed population. Age, hypertension, central obesity and moderate physical activity were significantly associated with diabetes. Focus on diabetes and its risk factors along with nationwide study using WHO STEP wise tools are recommended.
Hamed Taheri, Roya Rafaiee, Raheleh Rafaiee,
Volume 13, Issue 1 (3-2021)
Abstract
Objective: Academic health services play an important role in the prevention and control of diabetes mellitus (DM) in Iran. This study aimed at determining the prevalence of DM-related complications and the associated risk factors among patients with DM in a university-affiliated outpatient diabetes clinic of a referral hospital in Southeast of Iran, Zahedan.
Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted from January to April 2019 in an academic diabetes clinic. A total of 334 patients with DM, whose characteristics (age, sex, family history of DM, and substance abuse), as well as laboratory and clinical information, were recorded in the baseline forms, were included. The relationship between variables were assessed by Pearson’s correlation coefficient at P-value< 0.05 and using SPSS version 20.0.
Results: The mean age of the participants was 54.27 (±11.57) years. In these patients, DM type 2 was estimated at 99.1%, and the mean duration of the disease was 8.98 (±6.93) years. The findings showed that 77.2% of the patients had poor glycemic control. Also, 85.4% of the patients had fasting blood sugar (FBS) level >126 mg/dL. There was a significant relationship between insulin-dependent therapy and drug abuse (P-value <0.001). The prevalence of hyperlipidemia (68.9%), hypertension (50.6%), retinopathy (29.6%), nephropathy (11.7%), and neuropathy (12.3%) was also determined.
Conclusion: The majority of the patients (77.2%) in this study had poor glycemic control, and 69.9% of them suffered from microvascular complications, macrovascular complications, or both. Therefore, frequent visits accompanied by patient education could help to better diabetes control
Azam Erfanifar, Seyed Mahmoud Latifi, Hajieh Shahbazian, Armaghan Moravej Aleali,
Volume 13, Issue 1 (3-2021)
Abstract
Objective: The data on the changes in the prevalence of obesity and overweight could help policy makers to make better plans for improving the health status of people; hence, the aim of his study is to evaluate the prevalence and incidence of overweight, obesity and abdominal obesity in Ahvaz during five years.
Materials and Methods: Cohort study was the method of choice in this survey, conducted on 605 people aged over 20 years who were selected among the people covered by health centers in Ahvaz. The participants weight, height, and waist circumferences were measured two times in 2009 and 2014. The incidence and prevalence of obesity, abdominal obesity and overweight were evaluated. The SPSS 22 statistical software was used to analyze the data, and paired T-test to compare the level of changes. The significant level for P-value < 0.05.
Results: Among 605 people aged over 20 years, the prevalence of overweight, obesity and abdominal obesity in 2009 and 2014 were respectively: overweight (40% and 38.50%), obesity (26.90% and 27.10%), and abdominal obesity (26.80% and 33. 90%).This prevalence increased from 11.70% to 14.90% in men and from 39.90% to 50.50% in women. The incidence of overweight, obesity and abdominal obesity were respectively 102.50, 22.50 and 76.5 per 1000 person’s year in Ahvaz people.
Conclusion: The findings of our study showed that the prevalence of overweight, obesity and abdominal obesity in adult population in Ahvaz is high. Also, the prevalence of obesity and abdominal obesity in women is higher than men; therefore special attention must be paid to this issue in women. Also the age groups 35-64 years are higher risk
Fatma Kantaş Yılmaz, Onur Yarar,
Volume 13, Issue 2 (6-2021)
Abstract
Objective: Obesity is one of the major public health problems in Turkey and worldwide. This study was conducted to determine the trends of the obesity prevalence in Turkey from 2008 to 2016 by analysing sociodemographic data.
Materials and Methods: This study was cross-sectional. Analysis was performed based on 2008, 2010, 2012, 2014 and 2016 data from Health Survey by Turkish Statistical Institute. Of the 128484 individuals who participated in Turkish Health Research, the body mass index (BMI) of 87205 individuals with aged 15 and older has been calculated. Categorical variables were represented as frequency (%) and continuous variables were represented as mean (±standard deviation) within parentheses. The data were analyzed with SPSS 20 software.
Results: Our findings showed that 16.2% of the individuals 15 years and over was obese (18.7% among women and 13.5% among men P-value< 0.001) in 2008, and the prevalence increased to 22 % in 2016 (26% among women and 17% among men P-value< 0.001). The ratios of obesity were higher among the individuals having a low education (P-value< 0.001) and income level (P-value< 0.001; between 2010-2016) compared to other groups.
Conclusion: Our study demonstrated alarming rates of obesity, particularly among women, among the population 55 to 64 years of age regardless of gender, which was closely associated with low education and income levels. It is crucial to gain healthy lifestyle behaviors within the society and implement strategies and policies for diverse risk groups.
Mohammad Reza Salimian, Nastaran Injinari, Reyhaneh Azizi, Haniyeh Nikkhah, Nasim Namiranian,
Volume 16, Issue 3 (8-2024)
Abstract
Objective: Diabetes and thyroid disorders (TD) are two prevalent endocrine conditions in adults. While the association between TD and type 1 diabetes is well documented, the relationship between type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and TD remains unclear due to its complex mechanisms and the involvement of multiple variables. This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of TD in patients with T2DM referred to Yazd Diabetes Research Center in 2019.
Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional descriptive study included 411 patients with T2DM. Data were collected using a checklist comprising demographic information (age, sex, type of drug used, duration of diabetes) and clinical and laboratory information. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 24 software.
Results: Among the 411 patients with T2DM, 352 (85.6%) had no TD, 38 (9.24%) had hypothyroidism, and 21 (5.10%) had hyperthyroidism. There were no significant differences among groups in terms of gender (P= 0.269), age (P= 0.154), fasting blood sugar (FBS) level (P= 0.196), type of treatment (P= 0.9), and duration of T2DM (P= 0.138). However, a significant relationship was found between TD and the average level of glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) (P= 0.021).
Conclusion: This study highlights a significant prevalence of TD among patients with T2DM, particularly noting the impact on HbA1c levels. Regular screening for TD in patients with T2DM is recommended to improve glycemic control and overall diabetes management. Further research is needed to elucidate the mechanisms linking TD and T2DM and to develop targeted interventions.
