en تخصصي Special پژوهشي Research <strong>Objective:</strong> There are controversial reports about biological effects of the Melia Azedarach Linn. <em>(MA).</em> In the present study, the effect of MA fruit extract on lipid profile, cardiac and hepatic functions of diabetic rats was investigated.<br> <strong>Materials and Methods</strong><strong>:</strong> Thirty male Wistar rats were divided into five groups. Group 1 as the control group, Group 2 as the diabetic group, Group 3 and 4 as the diabetic rats treated with&nbsp; <em>MA</em> fruit extract (100 and 200 mg/kg for 30 days, orally) and Group 5 as the positive control group treated by Glibenclamide (0.5 mg/kg for 30 days). Diabetes was induced by nicotine amide and streptozotocin. After 30 days, the plasma concentration of glucose, hemoglobin A1C (HbA1c), lipid profile, hepatic enzymes were measured. Also, electrocardiogram and interventricular pressures were recoded.<br> <strong>Results:</strong> The data showed that the plasma levels of glucose, HbA1c, aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase and alkaline phosphatase were significantly increased in the diabetic group. These parameters were higher in groups treated with <em>MA</em> extract, without significant difference. The plasma lipid profile significantly changed in diabetic rats and did not come back to normal level in groups treated with <em>MA</em> extract. Compared to the control group, corrected QT interval was increased and the rate of interventricular pressure changes decreased in all groups. <em>MA</em> extract was as an antioxidant compound against diphenylpicrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radicals.<br> <strong>Conclusion</strong><strong>:</strong> These results demonstrated that although <em>MA</em> extract had an antioxidant effect, it did not improve the signs of diabetes in diabetic rats.<br> <br> &nbsp; Melia Azedarach L., Diabetes, Heart, Liver, Lipid 155 163 http://ijdo.ssu.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-30-183&slc_lang=en&sid=1 Omid Afkhami-Ardekani No Student, Shahid Sadoughi High School, Yazd, Iran. Mansour Esmailidehaj Yes Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran. Mohammad Afkhami-Ardekani No Professor of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Science, Yazd, Iran. Hassan Esmaeili No Department of Heart, Faculty of Medicine, Gorgan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran. Arezoo Afkhami-Ardekani No General Physician, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Science, Yazd, Iran.