en تخصصي Special پژوهشي Research OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of pomegranate juice (PJ) on the paraoxonase and arylesterase activity of human serum paraoxonase( PON1). MATERIAL AND METHOD: Fifty patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus consumed 200 ml of PJ daily for a period of 6 weeks. Blood was collected from the patients before and after PJ consumption after 12 h of fasting. Blood sugar, total cholesterol, triglyceride, and HDL-C were measured by enzymatic kit method and autoanalyzer. The concentration of LDL-C was calculated by using Friedwald formula. The malondialdehyde concentration (μmol/L) was determined by thiobarbituric acid (TBA) assay. Paraoxonase and arylesterase activity of PON1 enzyme were measured using paraoxone and phenylacetate as the substrates. RESULTS: The concentration of fasting blood sugar, total cholesterol, LDL-C and malondialdehyde significantly (p<0.001) decreased after the intervention. Paraoxonase and arylesterase activity of PON1 significantly (p<0.001) increased after the intervention. However, there were no significant changes in serum triglyceride and HDL-C. There was a significant positive correlation between paraoxonase and arylesterase activity of PON1 and serum HDL-C concentration. A significant negative correlation was detected between paraoxonase and arylesterase activity of PON1 and FBS. CONCLUSION: It can be concluded that PJ consumption as an antioxidant may have a contribution in changing fasting blood sugar, lipid profiles, lipoprotein oxidation, and PON1 activity. Pomegranate Juice, PON1 Activity, Diabetes Mellitus 26 31 http://ijdo.ssu.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-30-8&slc_lang=en&sid=1 Nayereh Parsaeyan Yes 1. Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, ShahidSadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran Hassan Mozaffari–Khosravi No Department of Nutrition, School of Health, ShahidSadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran - Yazd Diabetes Research Center, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran Mohammad Reza Mozayan No 4. Department of English Language, School of Medicine, ShahidSadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran