en تخصصي Special پژوهشي Research <span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="text-justify:inter-ideograph"><span style="line-height:115%"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><b><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">Objective</span></b><b><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">:</span></b> <span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) incidence is increasing around the world as a progressive metabolic condition. The miRNA expression profile changes in the early stages of diabetes in body fluids. It can help in early diagnosis of diabetes, which reduces diabetes-related mortality. In this study, miR-194-5p</span><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""> gene expression levels in diabetic and pre-diabetic patients will be examined and compared to the healthy controls.</span><span dir="RTL" style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"" lang="AR-SA"></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="text-justify:inter-ideograph"><span style="line-height:115%"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><b><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">Materials and Methods</span></b><b><span dir="RTL" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">:</span></b><b> </b><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">The expression levels of miR-194-5p were evaluated in 90 participants, referred to Yazd diabetes centers (Iran) in 2022, including 30 T2DM, 30 prediabetics, and 30 healthy subjects by real-time PCR. The potential pathways affected by microRNA were fitted to the Enrichr web server by applying target genes predicted to miR-194-5p in the Target Scan Human 7.2 database.</span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="text-justify:inter-ideograph"><span style="line-height:115%"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><b><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">Results</span></b><b><span dir="RTL" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">:</span></b> <span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">The results of these studies indicate a gradual decrease in miR-194-5p expression levels in prediabetic and T2DM patients compared to healthy controls (<i>P</i>< 0.001). The role of the miR-194-5p target genes in T2DM-related signaling pathways such as the Wnt and TGF-beta pathways was also determined.</span><span dir="RTL" lang="FA" style="font-size:10.5pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif""></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="text-justify:inter-ideograph"><span style="line-height:115%"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><b><span lang="EN" style="font-size:10.5pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">Conclusion:</span></span></span></b> <span style="font-size:10.5pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">The results indicate that miR-194-5p is a potential biomarker for the early diagnosis of T2DM due to its down-regulation in the serum of prediabetics and diabetics compared to healthy subjects.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br> &nbsp; T2DM, miR-194-5p, Gene expression, Biomarker 167 173 http://ijdo.ssu.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-30-420&slc_lang=en&sid=1 Ali Dadbinpour No Genetic and Environmental Adventures Research Center, School of Abarkouh Paramedicine, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Science, Yazd, Iran. Department of Genetic, Medical School, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Science, Yazd, Iran. Mehran Dehghanian No Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran. Mohammad Yahya Vahidi Mehrjardi 0000-0003-0535-1590 Yes Diabetes Research Center, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran.