en تخصصي Special پژوهشي Research <span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="text-justify:inter-ideograph"><span style="line-height:115%"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span style="font-size:10.5pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">Metabolic disorders, including obesity and type 2 diabetes, have reached epidemic proportions globally, necessitating novel therapeutic approaches. The gut-brain axis, particularly gut hormones, plays a crucial role in metabolic regulation, offering promising targets for intervention.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="text-justify:inter-ideograph"><span style="line-height:115%"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span style="font-size:10.5pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">This review aims to synthesize current knowledge on gut hormone-based therapies for metabolic disorders, focusing on their mechanisms of action and therapeutic potential.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="text-justify:inter-ideograph"><span style="line-height:115%"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span style="font-size:10.5pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">Gut hormones, including GLP-1, GIP, PYY, ghrelin, and oxyntomodulin, orchestrate complex physiological responses to nutrient intake, influencing insulin secretion, appetite, and energy expenditure. Recent advancements in incretin-based therapies, particularly GLP-1 receptor agonists and dual GLP-1/GIP agonists, have shown remarkable efficacy in improving glycemic control and promoting weight loss. These therapies exploit the synergistic actions of multiple gut hormones, offering a more comprehensive approach to metabolic regulation. Emerging research on PYY analogs and ghrelin antagonists further expands the therapeutic landscape. However, challenges remain in optimizing delivery methods, ensuring long-term efficacy, and mitigating potential side effects.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="text-justify:inter-ideograph"><span style="line-height:115%"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span style="font-size:10.5pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">Gut hormone-based therapies represent a paradigm shift in the management of metabolic disorders. By harnessing the intricate signaling networks of the gut-brain axis, these innovative approaches offer the potential for more effective and targeted interventions in obesity and type 2 diabetes, paving the way for personalized treatment strategies in metabolic medicine</span></span></span><span lang="EN-IN" style="font-size:10.5pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">.</span></span></span><span style="font-size:10.5pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif""></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br> &nbsp; Gut-brain axis, Incretin mimetics, Metabolic syndrome, GLP-1/GIP co-agonists, Enteroendocrine signaling 130 140 http://ijdo.ssu.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-30-448&slc_lang=en&sid=1 Tamer A. Addissouky 0000-0003-3797-9155 Yes Department of Biochemistry, Science Faculty, AL-Mustaqbal University, 51001, Hillah, Babylon, Iraq. New burg El-Arab Hospital, Ministry of Health, Alexandria, Egypt. Department of Chemistry, Science Faculty, Menoufia University, Menoufia, Egypt. American Society for Clinical Pathology (ASCP), Chicago, USA.